Toyota
The source of most of what this canvas inherits.
Taiichi Ohno, Toyota Production System: Beyond Large-Scale Production
1978, English edition 1988
James Womack, Daniel Jones and Daniel Roos, The Machine That Changed the World
1990
The Toyota Production System is where jidoka, the andon cord, heijunka, kaizen, and the five whys come from, developed principally by Taiichi Ohno over decades. Its deepest idea is not any single tool but that problems should be made visible immediately and the person closest to them authorized to act.
Nearly half the concepts in this library trace back here. Worth knowing the system took decades to develop and resists being installed, which is the usual reason imported lean programs disappoint.
What limits throughput, and what is supposed to happen when the line stops?
Which decisions may an agent make alone, and who is able to stop it?
How does tacit judgment become reusable, and who owns the loop that has to close?
For each workflow, what is the human to agent ratio, and who signs the quality baseline?